During the implementation stage, the professional tries to use the innovation in daily practice and experiences what working with the innovation means. At the adoption stage, the professional will develop a positive or negative intention to use the innovation. Dissemination means that every professional is actually supplied with the innovation. The right-hand section of Figure Figure1 1 shows the four main stages in innovation processes. The framework is presented in Figure Figure1. Since 2002, the framework and the list of 50 determinants have been used for research on the introduction of several innovations in health care, in the Netherlands as well as abroad. This resulted in a list of 50 potentially relevant determinants. The results of the literature review matched those found in the Delphi study. Subsequently, a Delphi study among 44 implementation experts (researchers, programme managers, and consultants/advisors) was conducted to achieve consensus on the determinants identified from the literature review. From 1999 to 2002 a literature review on determinants of innovation processes was performed in which only empirical studies (n = 57) were included. Despite some differences, all models follow a similar planning sequence: (1) the innovations should be introduced systematically to maximise success, and (2) a planned innovation strategy should be tailored to the determinants that facilitate or impede the intended innovation process.įor the current study we used a framework which was originally developed for analysing determinants of innovation processes in health care. Most models originate from the Diffusion of Innovations theory of Rogers. By innovation, we mean, for example, guidelines, interventions or programs that are perceived as new by an individual or organisation. Several models and frameworks exist on how to introduce innovations in health care effectively. This article focuses on the determinants of a successful introduction of new technology in nursing care. This means that a substantial proportion of patients/clients will not receive the intended care in such a way that they benefit from these innovations. It is widely recognised that one of the main problems with the introduction of innovations in general, such as technologies or clinical guidelines, is that professionals do not automatically use them as intended by the developers. Technologies are aimed at increasing the quality of care, reducing healthcare costs or solving workforce problems. Another development is the introduction of electronic information systems such as electronic patient records. In addition, all kinds of technologies that support distant care, such as telecare technology, have consequences for nursing practice. Many new technologies are becoming available within nursing care, such as home dialysis equipment or new infusion pumps that change the nursing staff's daily routines.
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